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The importance of surface functional groups in the adsorption of copper onto walnut shell derived activated carbon

Ruzhen Xie, Yan Jin, Yao Chen, Wenju Jiang
Published December 2017, 76 (11) 3022-3034; DOI: 10.2166/wst.2017.471
Ruzhen Xie
College of Architecture and Environment, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China
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Yan Jin
College of Architecture and Environment, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China
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Yao Chen
College of Architecture and Environment, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China
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Wenju Jiang
College of Architecture and Environment, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, ChinaNational Engineering Research Center for Flue Gas Desulfurization, Chengdu 610065, China
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  • For correspondence: wenjujiang@scu.edu.cn
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Abstract

In this study, activated carbon (AC) was prepared from walnut shell using chemical activation. The surface chemistry of the prepared AC was modified by introducing or blocking certain functional groups, and the role of the different functional groups involved in the copper uptake was investigated. The structural and chemical heterogeneity of the produced carbons are characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectrometry, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, Boehm titration method and N2/77 K adsorption isotherm analysis. The equilibrium and the kinetics of copper adsorption onto AC were studied. The results demonstrated that the functional groups on AC played an important role in copper uptake. Among various surface functional groups, the oxygen-containing group was found to play a critical role in the copper uptake, and oxidation is the most effective way to improve Cu (II) adsorption onto AC. Ion-exchange was identified to be the dominant mechanism in the copper uptake by AC. Some other types of interactions, like complexation, were also proven to be involved in the adsorption process, while physical force was found to play a small role in the copper uptake. The regeneration of copper-loaded AC and the recovery of copper were also studied to evaluate the reusability of the oxidized AC.

  • adsorption
  • functional group
  • heavy metals
  • ion-exchange
  • kinetics
  • First received 18 May 2017.
  • Accepted in revised form 10 August 2017.
  • © IWA Publishing 2017
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The importance of surface functional groups in the adsorption of copper onto walnut shell derived activated carbon
Ruzhen Xie, Yan Jin, Yao Chen, Wenju Jiang
Water Science and Technology Dec 2017, 76 (11) 3022-3034; DOI: 10.2166/wst.2017.471
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The importance of surface functional groups in the adsorption of copper onto walnut shell derived activated carbon
Ruzhen Xie, Yan Jin, Yao Chen, Wenju Jiang
Water Science and Technology Dec 2017, 76 (11) 3022-3034; DOI: 10.2166/wst.2017.471

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Keywords

adsorption
functional group
heavy metals
ion-exchange
kinetics
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