An investigation into leakage from the water distribution network of the Holy City of Makkah is presented in this paper. Makkah city is located on the western region of Saudi Arabia between latitudes 20° and 22° and longitudes 40° 30′ and 39° 20′. It has a total population of about 1.2 million. The population more than doubles during pilgrimage season. The total length of the water distribution network serving the city is about 2,400 km and has around 65,515 property connections serving nearly 70% of the inhabited areas. The city water network works intermittently and over 24% of the property connections are un-metered; hence, the pressure test method was found to be the best method to quantify the leakage. Seven representative areas with property connections ranging from 142 to 236 connections per area were selected for the field investigations. It was found that leakage in the studied areas ranged from 6.22 to 56.24% with an average value for all areas of 31.62%. The old parts of the network experienced high leakage rates ranging from 32.09 to 56.24% with an average value of 46.24%, while the newer areas demonstrated a reasonable range of 6.22 to 17.58% with an average value of 12.13%.
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September 2002
This article was originally published in
Journal of Water Supply: Research and Technology-Aqua
Article Contents
Research Article|
September 01 2002
Estimation of leakage in the water distribution network of the Holy City of Makkah
Abdullah S. Al-Ghamdi;
1Civil Engineering Department, King Abdulaziz University, PO Box 80204, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
E-mail: [email protected]
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Saud A. Gutub
Saud A. Gutub
1Civil Engineering Department, King Abdulaziz University, PO Box 80204, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
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Journal of Water Supply: Research and Technology-Aqua (2002) 51 (6): 343–349.
Citation
Abdullah S. Al-Ghamdi, Saud A. Gutub; Estimation of leakage in the water distribution network of the Holy City of Makkah. Journal of Water Supply: Research and Technology-Aqua 1 September 2002; 51 (6): 343–349. doi: https://doi.org/10.2166/aqua.2002.0031
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