This study investigates the formation potential (FP) of nitrogenous disinfection byproducts and haloacetic acids (HAAs) during ozonation and biofiltration. Ozonation of raw waters was performed in batches with 1 mg O3/mg dissolved organic carbon (DOC). The ozonized waters were subsequently passed through a biofilter with 25 minutes of empty bed contact time. The results show that the increases of biodegradable DOC in hydrophobic fractions were higher than those in hydrophilic (HPI) or transphilic fractions. Ozonation reduced the DOC (<10%), and FPs of haloacetonitriles (HANs) and HAAs by 23–70%. Subsequent biofiltration removed up to 35% of DOC, whereas the additional removals of HAN and HAA FPs were negligible during biofiltration. Trichloronitromethane FPs tended to increase by a factor of 5–10 after ozonation and slightly decrease (15–20%) during biofiltration. In the two nitrogen-rich natural organic matters (NOMs), transphilics and HPIs constituted half of the organic carbons and contributed 64–70% of the total N-nitrosodimethylamine (NDMA) formation. Ozonation-biofiltration reduced NDMA precursors in these two water sources but significantly enhanced NDMA formation in Suwannee River NOM. The increase of NDMA formation was attributable to the alteration of NOM characteristics of the HPI fraction by ozonation; the NDMA FP increased 214% in the HPI fraction after ozonation.
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24 March 2016
This article was originally published in
Journal of Water Supply: Research and Technology-Aqua
Article Contents
Research Article|
January 20 2016
Effects of ozonation and biological filtration on the formation of nitrogenous disinfection byproducts during chloramination
Yi-Hsueh Chuang;
Yi-Hsueh Chuang
1Graduate Institute of Environmental Engineering, National Taiwan University, No. 1, Sec. 4, Roosevelt Rd, Taipei 106, Taiwan
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Hsin-hsin Tung
1Graduate Institute of Environmental Engineering, National Taiwan University, No. 1, Sec. 4, Roosevelt Rd, Taipei 106, Taiwan
E-mail: htung@ntu.edu.tw
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Journal of Water Supply: Research and Technology-Aqua (2016) 65 (2): 162–171.
Article history
Received:
August 21 2015
Accepted:
November 08 2015
Citation
Yi-Hsueh Chuang, Hsin-hsin Tung; Effects of ozonation and biological filtration on the formation of nitrogenous disinfection byproducts during chloramination. Journal of Water Supply: Research and Technology-Aqua 24 March 2016; 65 (2): 162–171. doi: https://doi.org/10.2166/aqua.2016.099
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