Metrology in Urban Drainage and Stormwater Management: Plug and Pray
This book presents the advancements made in applied metrology in the field of Urban Drainage and Storm water Management over the past two decades in scientific research as well as in practical applications. Given the broadness of this subject (measuring principles, uncertainty in data, data validation, data storage and communication, design, maintenance and management of monitoring networks, technical details of sensor technology), the focus is on water quantity and a sound metrological basis. The book offers common ground for academics and practitioners when setting up monitoring projects in urban drainage and storm water management. This will enable an easier exchange of results so as to allow for a faster scientific progress in the field. A second, but equally important goal, is to allow practitioners access to scientific developments and gained experience when it comes to monitoring urban drainage and storm water systems. In-depth descriptions of international case studies covering all aspects discussed in the book are presented, along with self-training exercises and codes available for readers on a companion website.
Numerous detailed examples are given in the book, with corresponding open-source codes and training files available to download here.
ISBN: 9781789060102 (Paperback)
ISBN: 9781789060119 (eBook)
Chapter 4: Measuring the water balance in stormwater control measures
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Published:August 2021
Tim D. Fletcher, Jean-Luc Bertrand-Krajewski, Jérémie Bonneau, Matthew J. Burns, Peter J. Poelsma, Jasmine K. Thom, 2021. "Measuring the water balance in stormwater control measures", Metrology in Urban Drainage and Stormwater Management: Plug and Pray, Jean-Luc Bertrand-Krajewski, Francois Clemens-Meyer, Mathieu Lepot
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Abstract
Stormwater control measures (SCMs), also frequently referred to as sustainable urban drainage systems (SUDS), are of growing importance in cities, as part of a global move towards mitigating the impacts of stormwater on receiving environments. They need to be monitored as parts of UDSM systems but require specific and sometimes innovative methods and sensors. This is particularly the case for SCMs such as swales, rain-gardens, bioretention filters, infiltration trenches, green roofs, etc., which have complex and varied configurations and hydrologic behaviour. This chapter deals with measuring the water balance in SCMs by accounting for its various components: inflows, outflows, overflows, storage, infiltration, exfiltration, intrusion, evaporation, and evapotranspiration. It presents a range of suitable methods and tools, indicates key points to consider, and discusses possible difficulties in obtaining accurate monitoring data. Routine monitoring of decentralized and diversified SCMs is still an emerging field for both researchers and practitioners. A significant evolution is therefore expected with its generalization in the next years.