A systematic study was conducted over six years (1994-1999) on a shallow ice covered lake in the Russian Republic of Karelia with the aim of developing better understanding of some physical processes occurring in shallow ice-covered lakes. The average ice-covered period was 182 days while the longest ice-covered period was 193 days. The average lake water temperature at ice formation was 0.5-1.0°C, while the average water temperature just before ice break-up was close to 4°C. The heat flux from water to ice was low during early winter but could increase above 5 Wm-2 (daily average) during the last month before ice break-up. The heat flux from sediment to water was the main source of heat to the water body during early to mid winter being about 2-6 W·m-2 during early winter but decreasing to about 1-2 Wm-2 during early spring.
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February 01 2003
Seasonal Variability of Thermal Regime in a Shallow Ice Covered Lake: Paper presented at the 13th Northern Res. Basins/Workshop (Saariselkä, Finland and Murmansk, Russia-Aug. 19-24 2001)
Hydrology Research (2003) 34 (1-2): 107–124.
Citation
Osama A. Maher, Joakim Malm; Seasonal Variability of Thermal Regime in a Shallow Ice Covered Lake: Paper presented at the 13th Northern Res. Basins/Workshop (Saariselkä, Finland and Murmansk, Russia-Aug. 19-24 2001). Hydrology Research 1 February 2003; 34 (1-2): 107–124. doi: https://doi.org/10.2166/nh.2003.0031
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