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Table 4

Calculated design parameters using Thomas and hybrid models for dynamic adsorption of Cd(II) ions by OBA/nZVI

Flow rate (mL min^–1)	Bed depth (cm)	Cd(II) concentration (mg L^–1)	Results of design parameter
			q_ads (mg g^–1)			k_Th (mL min^–1 mg^–1)
			Experimental	Thomas model	Hybrid model	Thomas model	Hybrid model
1	8	50	4.64	4.86	4.69	0.72	0.68
1	8	150	3.52	3.81	3.47	1.19	1.08
10	8	50	4.04	4.62	3.98	1.05	0.79
10	8	150	3.03	4.02	2.98	1.56	1.42
1	16	50	5.24	5.39	5.31	0.24	0.21
1	16	150	3.96	4.18	3.85	0.47	0.42
10	16	50	4.52	4.94	4.41	0.43	0.36
10	16	150	3.32	4.34	3.41	0.61	0.54

Flow rate (mL min^–1)	Bed depth (cm)	Cd(II) concentration (mg L^–1)	Results of design parameter
			q_ads (mg g^–1)			k_Th (mL min^–1 mg^–1)
			Experimental	Thomas model	Hybrid model	Thomas model	Hybrid model
1	8	50	4.64	4.86	4.69	0.72	0.68
1	8	150	3.52	3.81	3.47	1.19	1.08
10	8	50	4.04	4.62	3.98	1.05	0.79
10	8	150	3.03	4.02	2.98	1.56	1.42
1	16	50	5.24	5.39	5.31	0.24	0.21
1	16	150	3.96	4.18	3.85	0.47	0.42
10	16	50	4.52	4.94	4.41	0.43	0.36
10	16	150	3.32	4.34	3.41	0.61	0.54