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Table 2

Minimum values of Michalewicz's function obtained by GA, DE, CSO, and PSO

	GA	DE	PSO	CSO	True value
Fitness value of Michalewicz function	−8.02	−9.621	−8.11	−9.632	− 9.66015
Computational time (seconds)	21.52	5.12	6.31	17.78	− 9.66015

	GA	DE	PSO	CSO	True value
Fitness value of Michalewicz function	−8.02	−9.621	−8.11	−9.632	− 9.66015
Computational time (seconds)	21.52	5.12	6.31	17.78	− 9.66015