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Table 4 shows the structural changes in strategy 3 in which growing traditional crops will no longer be profitable. In this strategy, farmers ultimately sell their business and the land will be economically exploited in other ways. According to the authors, this strategy only differs from strategy 2 with regard to the necessary socio-cultural changes in the economic domain in the sense that it does not imply a new consumer market. It does however imply a same discourse change as in strategy 2, namely that farmers themselves are responsible for the way they deal with a lack of fresh water instead of the government.

Table 4

Institutional and socio-cultural analysis of strategy 3 (Current policy → Efficient water use → Land use change)

Domain	Structure	Structure elements of strategy 3	Actors	Governance level of complexity
Institutional	Responsibilities Norms Legislation Policy plans Budget Procurement	Shift from government to self-supportive users Adjust local Water level agreements	Waterboards, Provinces, Municipalities, end users Waterboards, Provinces, Municipalities, end users	3 3
Social	Belief systems Awareness	Change discourse that government is responsible for freshwater supply Famers should be more self-supportive in (fresh)water supply	Waterboards, Provinces, Municipalities Waterboards, Provinces, Municipalities	5 4
Economic	Economic activity Logistic	Switch to other exploitation of land	Entrepreneurs	1
Knowledge	Research programs Simulation/forecasting software tech

Domain	Structure	Structure elements of strategy 3	Actors	Governance level of complexity
Institutional	Responsibilities Norms Legislation Policy plans Budget Procurement	Shift from government to self-supportive users Adjust local Water level agreements	Waterboards, Provinces, Municipalities, end users Waterboards, Provinces, Municipalities, end users	3 3
Social	Belief systems Awareness	Change discourse that government is responsible for freshwater supply Famers should be more self-supportive in (fresh)water supply	Waterboards, Provinces, Municipalities Waterboards, Provinces, Municipalities	5 4
Economic	Economic activity Logistic	Switch to other exploitation of land	Entrepreneurs	1
Knowledge	Research programs Simulation/forecasting software tech

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