Changing role of PRI institutions in national and state drinking water policies
| Year . | Government of India . | State governments . |
|---|---|---|
| 1947 | U.P. Panchayat Raj Act | |
| 1950 | Constitution of India, art. 40 calling for the support of gram panchayats | |
| 1957 | Balwant Rai Mehta report calling for district and block planning | Bombay Village Panchayats Act (updated to 2013) |
| 1961 | Maharashtra Zilla Parishads and Panchayat Samitis Act emphasize district-level planning | |
| 1970–1980 | Establishment of Water Supply and Sewerage Boards (called Public Health Engineering Departments in some states), e.g., Maharashtra (1972) | |
| 1972 | Accelerated Rural Water Supply Program | |
| 1978 | Ashok Mehta Committee on Panchayati Raj institutions | |
| 1986 | National Rural Drinking Water Mission launched. L.M. Singhvi Committee recommended gram sabhas as the principal PRI level | |
| 1992 | 73rd Constitutional Amendment establishes the three levels of PRI governance. 11th Schedule lists 29 topics including water and sanitation as PRI subjects | |
| 1994 | Maharashtra District Planning and Metropolitan Planning Committees Act | |
| 1998 | Maharashtra District Planning Committees Act | |
| 1999 | Sector Reform Program launched in 67 districts with a focus on decentralization, community participation, and a demand-driven approach | |
| 2002 | Swajaldhara water reforms program launched and emphasizes the GP level | |
| 2009 | NRDWP is launched and emphasizes PRI roles | |
| 2013 | NRDWP Guidelines are updated, emphasis on PRI roles remain, especially at the GP level | |
| 2015 | Fourteenth Finance Commission devolution recommendations | |
| 2016 | MRDWP (2016) launched by the Maharashtra government emphasizes the Zilla Parishad (ZP) level of planning | |
| 2018 | Government Resolution dated 9 March 2018, resuming the control of NRDWP projects from the GP to ZP level for the design and construction of schemes. Responsibility for operation and maintenance rests with GPs |
| Year . | Government of India . | State governments . |
|---|---|---|
| 1947 | U.P. Panchayat Raj Act | |
| 1950 | Constitution of India, art. 40 calling for the support of gram panchayats | |
| 1957 | Balwant Rai Mehta report calling for district and block planning | Bombay Village Panchayats Act (updated to 2013) |
| 1961 | Maharashtra Zilla Parishads and Panchayat Samitis Act emphasize district-level planning | |
| 1970–1980 | Establishment of Water Supply and Sewerage Boards (called Public Health Engineering Departments in some states), e.g., Maharashtra (1972) | |
| 1972 | Accelerated Rural Water Supply Program | |
| 1978 | Ashok Mehta Committee on Panchayati Raj institutions | |
| 1986 | National Rural Drinking Water Mission launched. L.M. Singhvi Committee recommended gram sabhas as the principal PRI level | |
| 1992 | 73rd Constitutional Amendment establishes the three levels of PRI governance. 11th Schedule lists 29 topics including water and sanitation as PRI subjects | |
| 1994 | Maharashtra District Planning and Metropolitan Planning Committees Act | |
| 1998 | Maharashtra District Planning Committees Act | |
| 1999 | Sector Reform Program launched in 67 districts with a focus on decentralization, community participation, and a demand-driven approach | |
| 2002 | Swajaldhara water reforms program launched and emphasizes the GP level | |
| 2009 | NRDWP is launched and emphasizes PRI roles | |
| 2013 | NRDWP Guidelines are updated, emphasis on PRI roles remain, especially at the GP level | |
| 2015 | Fourteenth Finance Commission devolution recommendations | |
| 2016 | MRDWP (2016) launched by the Maharashtra government emphasizes the Zilla Parishad (ZP) level of planning | |
| 2018 | Government Resolution dated 9 March 2018, resuming the control of NRDWP projects from the GP to ZP level for the design and construction of schemes. Responsibility for operation and maintenance rests with GPs |