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Table 5

Values of performance measures and improvement indices of the predictive models

Equation		Train				Test
Equation		RMSE	MAE	CC	IM_Train	RMSE	MAE	CC	IM_Test
Najafzadeh et al. (2013)		0.221	0.170	0.888	–	0.182	0.150	0.905	–
GMDH-GLUE		0.195	0.164	0.916	–	0.173	0.144	0.906	–
GP		0.214	0.176	0.894	–	0.266	0.216	0.789	–
Improvement (%)	GMDH-GLUE	12.11	3.23	3.16	6	4.76	4.02	0.11	3
Improvement (%)	GP	3.31	–3.55^a	0.71	0.2	–46.27	–44.11	–12.80	–34

Equation		Train				Test
Equation		RMSE	MAE	CC	IM_Train	RMSE	MAE	CC	IM_Test
Najafzadeh et al. (2013)		0.221	0.170	0.888	–	0.182	0.150	0.905	–
GMDH-GLUE		0.195	0.164	0.916	–	0.173	0.144	0.906	–
GP		0.214	0.176	0.894	–	0.266	0.216	0.789	–
Improvement (%)	GMDH-GLUE	12.11	3.23	3.16	6	4.76	4.02	0.11	3
Improvement (%)	GP	3.31	–3.55^a	0.71	0.2	–46.27	–44.11	–12.80	–34

^aNote: the negative value means the GP model has lower performance compared to the GMDH model.