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Table 1

Parameters examined in the batch experiments

Batch	Selected parameters from previous batch	Tested parameter	Test values	Optimum value
1	–	pH	3, 4, 5, 6, 7, and 9	4
2	pH = 4	nZVI/AC dose	0.25, 0.5, 1.0, 1.5, and 2.0 g/L	1.0 g/L
3	pH = 4 nZVI/AC dose = 1.0 g/L	Shaker rotation speed	100, 150, 200, and 250 rpm	200 rpm
4	pH = 4 nZVI/AC dose = 1.0 g/L Shaker rotation speed = 200 rpm	Initial phosphorus concentration (C₀)	20, 30, 40, and 50 mg P/L	50 mg P/L
5	pH = 4 nZVI/AC dose = 1.0 g/L Shaker rotation speed = 200 rpm Initial phosphorus concentration (C₀) = 50 mg/L	Ambient air temperature (T)	15, 26, and 37 °C	26 °C

Batch	Selected parameters from previous batch	Tested parameter	Test values	Optimum value
1	–	pH	3, 4, 5, 6, 7, and 9	4
2	pH = 4	nZVI/AC dose	0.25, 0.5, 1.0, 1.5, and 2.0 g/L	1.0 g/L
3	pH = 4 nZVI/AC dose = 1.0 g/L	Shaker rotation speed	100, 150, 200, and 250 rpm	200 rpm
4	pH = 4 nZVI/AC dose = 1.0 g/L Shaker rotation speed = 200 rpm	Initial phosphorus concentration (C₀)	20, 30, 40, and 50 mg P/L	50 mg P/L
5	pH = 4 nZVI/AC dose = 1.0 g/L Shaker rotation speed = 200 rpm Initial phosphorus concentration (C₀) = 50 mg/L	Ambient air temperature (T)	15, 26, and 37 °C	26 °C