Association between park water source characteristics and visitors drinking water, SF Bay Area, 2016
| Drinking water source characteristics . | Visitors’ drinking from fountain, unadjusted mean % (SD)a . | P-value . | Percent reduction in visitors’ drinking from fountain, mean % (95% CI)b . | P-value . |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Appeal of water source | 0.22 | 0.07 | ||
| Appealing | 5.82 (7.93) | 1.0 (Reference) | ||
| Unappealing | 4.04 (5.77) | 0.31 (−0.03, 0.54) | ||
| Water flow | 0.38 | 0.30 | ||
| Good | 5.28 (7.41) | 1.0 (Reference) | ||
| Poor | 3.91 (5.49) | 0.22 (−0.27, 0.51) | ||
| Obstructions to source | 0.15 | 0.04 | ||
| No | 5.06 (7.09) | 1.0 (Reference) | ||
| Yes | 2.14 (2.23) | 0.58 (0.07, 0.81) |
| Drinking water source characteristics . | Visitors’ drinking from fountain, unadjusted mean % (SD)a . | P-value . | Percent reduction in visitors’ drinking from fountain, mean % (95% CI)b . | P-value . |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Appeal of water source | 0.22 | 0.07 | ||
| Appealing | 5.82 (7.93) | 1.0 (Reference) | ||
| Unappealing | 4.04 (5.77) | 0.31 (−0.03, 0.54) | ||
| Water flow | 0.38 | 0.30 | ||
| Good | 5.28 (7.41) | 1.0 (Reference) | ||
| Poor | 3.91 (5.49) | 0.22 (−0.27, 0.51) | ||
| Obstructions to source | 0.15 | 0.04 | ||
| No | 5.06 (7.09) | 1.0 (Reference) | ||
| Yes | 2.14 (2.23) | 0.58 (0.07, 0.81) |
aMixed-effects regression models used to examine differences in water consumption in parks by drinking water source characteristics.
bMultivariable mixed-effects regression model accounting for clustering of observations in parks, examined differences in park visitors drinking water from fountains by water source characteristic, adjusting for the poverty level of park neighborhood, ambient temperature during observation, and time of day.