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Table 3

Incidence Rate Ratio estimates of multilevel Poisson mixed-effects models including interaction between levels

Diarrhea casesM0M1M2M3M4
Climate level variables      
 Mean temperature  1.027***  1.025*** 1.067*** 
 Mean rainfall  0.999***  0.999*** 1.006*** 
Household level variables 
 Type of sanitation      
  Unimproved   1.131*** 1.147*** 0.689*** 
  Improved   Ref Ref Ref 
 Water supply      
  Unimproved   1.007ns 0.982ns 0.932** 
  Improved   Ref Ref Ref 
 Standard living      
  Poor   1.230*** 1.209*** 1.213*** 
  Middle   1.128*** 1.121*** 1.120*** 
  Rich   Ref Ref Ref 
 Sex of household head      
  Male   1.075*** 1.050*** 1.049*** 
  Female   Ref Ref Ref 
 Type place of residence      
  Rural   1.024ns 1.053*** 1.049*** 
  Urban   Ref Ref Ref 
 Total children ever born   1.017*** 1.014*** 1.013*** 
Variable interactions      
 Mean prep # mean temperature     1.000*** 
 Safe water # mean rainfall     Ref 
 Unsafe water # mean rainfall     1.001** 
 Improved # mean rainfall     Ref 
 Unimproved # mean rainfall     1.006*** 
Observations 530,625 530,625 530,625 530,625 530,625 
AIC 749,467.0 747,475.4 746,898.1 745,350.8 744,520.0 
Log lik. −374,731.5 −373,732.7 −373,440.0 −372,663.4 −372,245.0 
Chi-squared  309.5 514.2 716.3 885.9 
Diarrhea casesM0M1M2M3M4
Climate level variables      
 Mean temperature  1.027***  1.025*** 1.067*** 
 Mean rainfall  0.999***  0.999*** 1.006*** 
Household level variables 
 Type of sanitation      
  Unimproved   1.131*** 1.147*** 0.689*** 
  Improved   Ref Ref Ref 
 Water supply      
  Unimproved   1.007ns 0.982ns 0.932** 
  Improved   Ref Ref Ref 
 Standard living      
  Poor   1.230*** 1.209*** 1.213*** 
  Middle   1.128*** 1.121*** 1.120*** 
  Rich   Ref Ref Ref 
 Sex of household head      
  Male   1.075*** 1.050*** 1.049*** 
  Female   Ref Ref Ref 
 Type place of residence      
  Rural   1.024ns 1.053*** 1.049*** 
  Urban   Ref Ref Ref 
 Total children ever born   1.017*** 1.014*** 1.013*** 
Variable interactions      
 Mean prep # mean temperature     1.000*** 
 Safe water # mean rainfall     Ref 
 Unsafe water # mean rainfall     1.001** 
 Improved # mean rainfall     Ref 
 Unimproved # mean rainfall     1.006*** 
Observations 530,625 530,625 530,625 530,625 530,625 
AIC 749,467.0 747,475.4 746,898.1 745,350.8 744,520.0 
Log lik. −374,731.5 −373,732.7 −373,440.0 −372,663.4 −372,245.0 
Chi-squared  309.5 514.2 716.3 885.9 

Exponentiated coefficients nsp < 1, *p < 0.10, **p < 0.05, ***p < 0.01.

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