In this study, it was found that 82.5% of the schools included in the sample provided full-time education, 91.7% were public schools, 53.8% were in districts outside the central districts, and the rates of primary and secondary schools were higher (25.9 and 25.3%, respectively). The number of students and teachers in the schools in the central districts was nearly twice that of the schools in the rural districts. Therefore, the number of students per school in the city center is higher. The ratios of male and female students in schools in the central and rural districts were close to each other. The ratio of female teachers in schools in the central districts was higher than both male teachers and those in the rural districts (Table 1). It was determined that in 59% of the schools, the students used the fountain in the garden or the building as a source of drinking water. However, in 34 schools (4%), students met their drinking water needs from the taps in the toilets. In addition, it was determined that only 37.1% of the schools had a programmed pest control program, 32.1% had permanent cleaning personnel, and the cleaning materials were mostly (51.2%) obtained from the school council budget. It was determined that only 16.0% of the schools had health offices and 36.8% of them had no staff (Table 2).
General introductory characteristics of schools according to location
. | Central districts . | Rural districts . | Total . | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
n . | % . | n . | % . | n . | % . | |
Level (n=363) | ||||||
Kindergarten | 13 | 8.8 | 27 | 12.5 | 40 | 11.0 |
Primary school | 41 | 27.9 | 53 | 24.5 | 94 | 25.9 |
Secondary school | 37 | 25.2 | 55 | 25.5 | 92 | 25.3 |
High school | 21 | 14.3 | 41 | 19.0 | 62 | 17.1 |
Mixed | 35 | 23.8 | 40 | 18.5 | 75 | 20.7 |
Status (n=480) | ||||||
State school | 190 | 85.6 | 250 | 96.9 | 440 | 91.7 |
Private school | 32 | 14.4 | 8 | 3.1 | 40 | 8.3 |
Type of teaching (n=480)a | ||||||
Full time | 171 | 77.0 | 225 | 87.2 | 396 | 82.5 |
Dual education | 51 | 23.0 | 33 | 12.8 | 84 | 17.5 |
Schools by the total number of students (n=480) | ||||||
<500 | 126 | 56.8 | 208 | 80.6 | 334 | 69.6 |
500–1,000 | 61 | 27.5 | 42 | 16.3 | 103 | 21.5 |
>1,000 | 35 | 15.8 | 8 | 3.1 | 43 | 9.0 |
Total number of students in schools by gender (n=172,715) | ||||||
Female | 52,316 | 48.3 | 30,895 | 48.0 | 83,211 | 48.2 |
Male | 56,087 | 51.7 | 33,417 | 52.0 | 89,504 | 51.8 |
Total number of teachers in schools by gender (n=3,697) | ||||||
Female | 1,378 | 57.6 | 667 | 51.0 | 2,045 | 55.3 |
Male | 1,013 | 42.4 | 639 | 49.0 | 1,652 | 44.7 |
. | Central districts . | Rural districts . | Total . | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
n . | % . | n . | % . | n . | % . | |
Level (n=363) | ||||||
Kindergarten | 13 | 8.8 | 27 | 12.5 | 40 | 11.0 |
Primary school | 41 | 27.9 | 53 | 24.5 | 94 | 25.9 |
Secondary school | 37 | 25.2 | 55 | 25.5 | 92 | 25.3 |
High school | 21 | 14.3 | 41 | 19.0 | 62 | 17.1 |
Mixed | 35 | 23.8 | 40 | 18.5 | 75 | 20.7 |
Status (n=480) | ||||||
State school | 190 | 85.6 | 250 | 96.9 | 440 | 91.7 |
Private school | 32 | 14.4 | 8 | 3.1 | 40 | 8.3 |
Type of teaching (n=480)a | ||||||
Full time | 171 | 77.0 | 225 | 87.2 | 396 | 82.5 |
Dual education | 51 | 23.0 | 33 | 12.8 | 84 | 17.5 |
Schools by the total number of students (n=480) | ||||||
<500 | 126 | 56.8 | 208 | 80.6 | 334 | 69.6 |
500–1,000 | 61 | 27.5 | 42 | 16.3 | 103 | 21.5 |
>1,000 | 35 | 15.8 | 8 | 3.1 | 43 | 9.0 |
Total number of students in schools by gender (n=172,715) | ||||||
Female | 52,316 | 48.3 | 30,895 | 48.0 | 83,211 | 48.2 |
Male | 56,087 | 51.7 | 33,417 | 52.0 | 89,504 | 51.8 |
Total number of teachers in schools by gender (n=3,697) | ||||||
Female | 1,378 | 57.6 | 667 | 51.0 | 2,045 | 55.3 |
Male | 1,013 | 42.4 | 639 | 49.0 | 1,652 | 44.7 |
aIn Turkey, in schools with many students, half of the students come to school in the morning and half in the afternoon. That is, a dual education system is applied in these schools. In schools with a low number of students, the same students receive full-time education.
Some hygiene and sanitation facilities of schools according to location
. | Central districts . | Rural districts . | Total . | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
n . | % . | n . | % . | n . | % . | |
Drinking water source (n=758)a | ||||||
Fountain in the garden (mains water) | 127 | 36.5 | 201 | 48.4 | 328 | 43.0 |
Fountain in the building independent of the toilets | 49 | 14.1 | 73 | 17.6 | 122 | 16.0 |
Water dispenser | 139 | 39.9 | 113 | 27.2 | 252 | 33.0 |
Fountain in the toilets | 22 | 6.3 | 12 | 2.9 | 34 | 4.5 |
Other | 11 | 3.2 | 16 | 3.9 | 27 | 3.5 |
Pest control method (n=480) | ||||||
Programmed prevention/elimination program | 100 | 45.0 | 78 | 30.2 | 178 | 37.1 |
Not programmed, if needed | 114 | 51.4 | 159 | 61.6 | 273 | 56.9 |
No prevention/elimination program | 8 | 3.6 | 21 | 8.1 | 29 | 6.0 |
Supply of cleaning staff (n=697)a | ||||||
Service purchasing | 126 | 37.0 | 108 | 30.3 | 234 | 33.6 |
Permanent staff | 119 | 34.9 | 105 | 29.5 | 224 | 32.1 |
Contractual staff | 27 | 7.9 | 25 | 7.0 | 52 | 7.5 |
Other | 69 | 20.2 | 118 | 33.1 | 187 | 26.8 |
Cleaning material supply (n=670)a | ||||||
School council budget | 190 | 55.6 | 153 | 46.6 | 343 | 51.2 |
General budget of the school | 99 | 28.9 | 140 | 42.7 | 239 | 35.7 |
From official institutions | 53 | 15.5 | 35 | 10.7 | 88 | 13.1 |
Health office (n=480) | ||||||
Available | 27 | 21.6 | 12 | 10.1 | 39 | 16.0 |
Not available | 98 | 78.4 | 107 | 89.9 | 205 | 84.0 |
Staff in the health office (n=39) | ||||||
None | 9 | 34.6 | 5 | 41.7 | 14 | 36.8 |
Doctor | 3 | 7.7 | 0 | 0.0 | 3 | 5.3 |
Nurse | 9 | 30.8 | 4 | 33.3 | 13 | 31.6 |
Teacher | 6 | 19.2 | 3 | 16.7 | 9 | 18.4 |
. | Central districts . | Rural districts . | Total . | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
n . | % . | n . | % . | n . | % . | |
Drinking water source (n=758)a | ||||||
Fountain in the garden (mains water) | 127 | 36.5 | 201 | 48.4 | 328 | 43.0 |
Fountain in the building independent of the toilets | 49 | 14.1 | 73 | 17.6 | 122 | 16.0 |
Water dispenser | 139 | 39.9 | 113 | 27.2 | 252 | 33.0 |
Fountain in the toilets | 22 | 6.3 | 12 | 2.9 | 34 | 4.5 |
Other | 11 | 3.2 | 16 | 3.9 | 27 | 3.5 |
Pest control method (n=480) | ||||||
Programmed prevention/elimination program | 100 | 45.0 | 78 | 30.2 | 178 | 37.1 |
Not programmed, if needed | 114 | 51.4 | 159 | 61.6 | 273 | 56.9 |
No prevention/elimination program | 8 | 3.6 | 21 | 8.1 | 29 | 6.0 |
Supply of cleaning staff (n=697)a | ||||||
Service purchasing | 126 | 37.0 | 108 | 30.3 | 234 | 33.6 |
Permanent staff | 119 | 34.9 | 105 | 29.5 | 224 | 32.1 |
Contractual staff | 27 | 7.9 | 25 | 7.0 | 52 | 7.5 |
Other | 69 | 20.2 | 118 | 33.1 | 187 | 26.8 |
Cleaning material supply (n=670)a | ||||||
School council budget | 190 | 55.6 | 153 | 46.6 | 343 | 51.2 |
General budget of the school | 99 | 28.9 | 140 | 42.7 | 239 | 35.7 |
From official institutions | 53 | 15.5 | 35 | 10.7 | 88 | 13.1 |
Health office (n=480) | ||||||
Available | 27 | 21.6 | 12 | 10.1 | 39 | 16.0 |
Not available | 98 | 78.4 | 107 | 89.9 | 205 | 84.0 |
Staff in the health office (n=39) | ||||||
None | 9 | 34.6 | 5 | 41.7 | 14 | 36.8 |
Doctor | 3 | 7.7 | 0 | 0.0 | 3 | 5.3 |
Nurse | 9 | 30.8 | 4 | 33.3 | 13 | 31.6 |
Teacher | 6 | 19.2 | 3 | 16.7 | 9 | 18.4 |
aSince more than one method was used, ‘n’ indicates the total number of answers.