Plotting the service time t against bed height at Ci/Co equal to 0.15, 0.30, and 0.45 yielded the uptake capacity and rate constant from the BDST model. The tested and expected service times for different bed heights (15, 10, and 6 cm) were estimated using a influent flow rate of 3 mL/min and an influent concentration of 500 μg/L. Table 10 presents the results. The BDST model's projected service time values are consistent with the test service time values. As a result, the BDST model may be suitable for this configuration; also, the significant R² values derived from data support the BDST model's applicability for the current fixed-bed column operations.