The risk of cancer is considered the possibility of an individual to develop a type of this disease during their lifetime as a result of exposure to a certain contaminant. In the present study, CR was assessed only for elements which are considered toxic for humans, respectively, Cr, Pb, Cd, and Ni. Results are presented in Table 7.
CR values
| Sample . | Cr . | Pb . | Cd . | Ni . |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Tap water – Student's city | 0.005 | 8.59 × 10−5 | 0.006 | 0.007 |
| Tragjasi reservoir | 0.010 | 0.0002 | 0.004 | 0.020 |
| Llogaraja spring | 0.007 | 0.0002 | 0.003 | 0.016 |
| Tragjas spring | 0.009 | 0.0002 | 0.005 | 0.020 |
| Tap water – Tirana city | 0.010 | 0.0002 | 0.004 | 0.015 |
| Trebeshina (0.5 L) | 0.014 | 0.0003 | 0.009 | 0.006 |
| Trebeshina (1.5 L) | 0.017 | 0.0003 | 0.009 | 0.006 |
| Living (sparkle 0.5 L) | 0.011 | 0.0001 | 0.005 | 0.013 |
| BI (0.5 L) | 0.014 | 0.0003 | 0.008 | 0.006 |
| Lajthiza (0.5 L) | 0.003 | 8.8 × 10−6 | 0.004 | 0.023 |
| Qafeshtama (0.5 L) | 0.015 | 4.6 × 10−5 | 0.004 | 0.006 |
| Glina (sparkle 0.5 L) | 0.026 | 0.0012 | 0.007 | 0.013 |
| Dukat (0.5 L) | 0.008 | 0.0001 | 0.005 | 0.014 |
| Dukat (1.5 L) | 0.004 | 0.0002 | 0.003 | 0.012 |
| Tepelena (0.5 L) | 0.007 | 8.3 × 10−5 | 0.004 | 0.011 |
| Tepelena (1.5 L) | 0.007 | 6.3 × 10−5 | 0.004 | 0.010 |
| Spring (0.5 L) | 0.009 | 0.0001 | 0.003 | 0.010 |
| Evian | 0.012 | 0.0002 | 0.004 | 0.030 |
| Frassassi | 0.010 | 0.0002 | 0.006 | 0.030 |
| Aqua Pana | 0.005 | 0.0001 | 0.007 | 0.009 |
| Sample . | Cr . | Pb . | Cd . | Ni . |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Tap water – Student's city | 0.005 | 8.59 × 10−5 | 0.006 | 0.007 |
| Tragjasi reservoir | 0.010 | 0.0002 | 0.004 | 0.020 |
| Llogaraja spring | 0.007 | 0.0002 | 0.003 | 0.016 |
| Tragjas spring | 0.009 | 0.0002 | 0.005 | 0.020 |
| Tap water – Tirana city | 0.010 | 0.0002 | 0.004 | 0.015 |
| Trebeshina (0.5 L) | 0.014 | 0.0003 | 0.009 | 0.006 |
| Trebeshina (1.5 L) | 0.017 | 0.0003 | 0.009 | 0.006 |
| Living (sparkle 0.5 L) | 0.011 | 0.0001 | 0.005 | 0.013 |
| BI (0.5 L) | 0.014 | 0.0003 | 0.008 | 0.006 |
| Lajthiza (0.5 L) | 0.003 | 8.8 × 10−6 | 0.004 | 0.023 |
| Qafeshtama (0.5 L) | 0.015 | 4.6 × 10−5 | 0.004 | 0.006 |
| Glina (sparkle 0.5 L) | 0.026 | 0.0012 | 0.007 | 0.013 |
| Dukat (0.5 L) | 0.008 | 0.0001 | 0.005 | 0.014 |
| Dukat (1.5 L) | 0.004 | 0.0002 | 0.003 | 0.012 |
| Tepelena (0.5 L) | 0.007 | 8.3 × 10−5 | 0.004 | 0.011 |
| Tepelena (1.5 L) | 0.007 | 6.3 × 10−5 | 0.004 | 0.010 |
| Spring (0.5 L) | 0.009 | 0.0001 | 0.003 | 0.010 |
| Evian | 0.012 | 0.0002 | 0.004 | 0.030 |
| Frassassi | 0.010 | 0.0002 | 0.006 | 0.030 |
| Aqua Pana | 0.005 | 0.0001 | 0.007 | 0.009 |
CR = ADD × SF.
Bold values present no tendency to develop a cancer risk.