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The role of chloramine in media regeneration was also evaluated based upon the amount of free chlorine that was required to fully regenerate the media in an offline manner following backwash. Table 3 presents a summary of the free chlorine regeneration data.

Table 3

Comparison of total Mn removal and offline chlorine regeneration needs for contactor media

Media typeTotal Mn removed (milliequivalents)Total free chlorine regeneration (milliequivalents)Media oxidant demand met by free chlorine (%)
1.6 mm ES ceramic 759 164 21.6 
2.0 mm ES anthracite coal 682 134 19.6 
All media 1,441 298 20.7 
Media typeTotal Mn removed (milliequivalents)Total free chlorine regeneration (milliequivalents)Media oxidant demand met by free chlorine (%)
1.6 mm ES ceramic 759 164 21.6 
2.0 mm ES anthracite coal 682 134 19.6 
All media 1,441 298 20.7 

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