Household access to improved sources of drinking water was 65.2 and 68.7%, respectively, in the 2016 EDHS and 2019 Mini-EDHS, and only 25.9% in the 2016 EDHS and 27.5% in the 2019 Mini-EDHS of the households had access to improved sources of toilet facilities. Of the total households, only about 38% of them in the 2016 EDHS had water at their handwashing place. A majority of households (75.7%) had no soaps or detergents near handwashing facilities, as reported in the 2016 EDHS, as shown in Table 4.
WASH services used by households in the 2016 EDHS and 2019 mini-EDHS
| Variables . | Categories . | 2016 EDHS, n (%) . | 2019 Mini-EDHS, n (%) . |
|---|---|---|---|
| Source of drinking water | Improved source | 10,861 (65.2) | 5,952 (68.7) |
| Unimproved source | 5,789 (34.8) | 2,711 (31.3) | |
| Time taken to fetch water (min) | <30 | 7,170 (43.1) | 4,269 (49.3) |
| ≥30 | 9,480 (56.9) | 4,394 (50.7) | |
| Toilet facility | Improved facility | 4,306 (25.9) | 2,378 (27.5) |
| Unimproved facility | 12,344 (74.1) | 6,285 (72.5) | |
| Presence of water at handwashing place | Water is available | 3,429 (38) | – |
| Water not available | 5,607 (62) | – | |
| Presence of soaps or detergents near to handwashing facilities | Yes | 2,199 (24.3) | – |
| No | 6,837 (75.7) | – |
| Variables . | Categories . | 2016 EDHS, n (%) . | 2019 Mini-EDHS, n (%) . |
|---|---|---|---|
| Source of drinking water | Improved source | 10,861 (65.2) | 5,952 (68.7) |
| Unimproved source | 5,789 (34.8) | 2,711 (31.3) | |
| Time taken to fetch water (min) | <30 | 7,170 (43.1) | 4,269 (49.3) |
| ≥30 | 9,480 (56.9) | 4,394 (50.7) | |
| Toilet facility | Improved facility | 4,306 (25.9) | 2,378 (27.5) |
| Unimproved facility | 12,344 (74.1) | 6,285 (72.5) | |
| Presence of water at handwashing place | Water is available | 3,429 (38) | – |
| Water not available | 5,607 (62) | – | |
| Presence of soaps or detergents near to handwashing facilities | Yes | 2,199 (24.3) | – |
| No | 6,837 (75.7) | – |
Note: EDHS = Ethiopian Demographic Health Survey; n = frequency; – indicates no data available.