Table 7 presents the normalized sustainability scores for each evaluation criterion. The final sustainability score of alternative A was 0.623, which was the highest among the three alternatives, followed closely by that of alternative C (0.612). Alternative B showed the lowest sustainability (0.426).

Table 7

Normalization of the assessment results of alternatives and sustainability

Evaluation criteriaWeightScore
ABC
Capital cost 0.081 0.632 0.536 0.560 
O&M cost 0.137 0.642 0.571 0.511 
Improvement of biological reactors 0.068 0.430 0.628 0.648 
First flush treatment during the storm event 0.057 0.806 0.271 0.526 
Advanced treatment processes 0.053 0.304 0.294 0.906 
Odor impact 0.082 0.764 0.352 0.541 
Recycling possibility 0.082 0.850 0.310 0.427 
Sludge disposal 0.171 0.554 0.445 0.704 
Energy independence 0.123 0.682 0.346 0.645 
Effective land use 0.054 0.564 0.269 0.781 
Public acceptance 0.054 0.325 0.512 0.795 
Willingness to pay tariff 0.040 0.866 0.406 0.291 
Total sustainability – 0.623 0.426 0.612 
Evaluation criteriaWeightScore
ABC
Capital cost 0.081 0.632 0.536 0.560 
O&M cost 0.137 0.642 0.571 0.511 
Improvement of biological reactors 0.068 0.430 0.628 0.648 
First flush treatment during the storm event 0.057 0.806 0.271 0.526 
Advanced treatment processes 0.053 0.304 0.294 0.906 
Odor impact 0.082 0.764 0.352 0.541 
Recycling possibility 0.082 0.850 0.310 0.427 
Sludge disposal 0.171 0.554 0.445 0.704 
Energy independence 0.123 0.682 0.346 0.645 
Effective land use 0.054 0.564 0.269 0.781 
Public acceptance 0.054 0.325 0.512 0.795 
Willingness to pay tariff 0.040 0.866 0.406 0.291 
Total sustainability – 0.623 0.426 0.612 
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