Table 2 presents pollutant factors that are grouped into four categories: water supply factors, drainage factors, air pollutant factors and solid waste factors. Each category includes several sub-factors that contribute to perceived health risks in the context of Indian villages. The perceived health risk factors listed in the table include hypertension, cancer, heart disease, gastrointestinal illness, asthma/COPD, psychiatric disease, frequent diarrhoea, skin problems and frequent illness. The table provides a comprehensive list of the factors that the study considered in developing a new model for health risk assessment that is coherent with quantitative benchmark-based health risks and considers multiple pollutant factors.
Pollutant factors
Water supply factors | Source of drinking water (F1) |
Storage of drinking water (F2) | |
Replacement frequency (F3) | |
Cleaning frequency (F4) | |
Quality of water (F5) | |
Drainage factors | Canal availability (F6) |
Type of drainage (F7) | |
Kind of drainage system (F8) | |
Water stagnant (F9) | |
Breeding of insects (F10) | |
Toilet availability (F11) | |
Human waste disposal (F12) | |
Maintenance frequency (F13) | |
Air pollutant factors | Type of roads (F14) |
Place of cooking (F15) | |
House ventilation (F16) | |
Kitchen ventilation (F17) | |
Type of cooking fuel (F18) | |
Cigarette use (F19) | |
Solid waste factors | Garbage piled up nearby (F20) |
Garbage is strewn on the ground (F21) | |
Disposal facility (F22) | |
Pumping of livestock solid waste (F23) | |
Percentage composition of waste (F24) | |
Perceived health risk factors | Hypertension (F25) |
Cancer (F26) | |
Heart disease (F27) | |
Gastrointestinal illness (F28) | |
Asthma/COPD (F29) | |
Psychiatric disease (F30) | |
frequent diarrhoea (F31) | |
Skin problems (F32) | |
Frequent illness (F33) |
Water supply factors | Source of drinking water (F1) |
Storage of drinking water (F2) | |
Replacement frequency (F3) | |
Cleaning frequency (F4) | |
Quality of water (F5) | |
Drainage factors | Canal availability (F6) |
Type of drainage (F7) | |
Kind of drainage system (F8) | |
Water stagnant (F9) | |
Breeding of insects (F10) | |
Toilet availability (F11) | |
Human waste disposal (F12) | |
Maintenance frequency (F13) | |
Air pollutant factors | Type of roads (F14) |
Place of cooking (F15) | |
House ventilation (F16) | |
Kitchen ventilation (F17) | |
Type of cooking fuel (F18) | |
Cigarette use (F19) | |
Solid waste factors | Garbage piled up nearby (F20) |
Garbage is strewn on the ground (F21) | |
Disposal facility (F22) | |
Pumping of livestock solid waste (F23) | |
Percentage composition of waste (F24) | |
Perceived health risk factors | Hypertension (F25) |
Cancer (F26) | |
Heart disease (F27) | |
Gastrointestinal illness (F28) | |
Asthma/COPD (F29) | |
Psychiatric disease (F30) | |
frequent diarrhoea (F31) | |
Skin problems (F32) | |
Frequent illness (F33) |