The volume of ice, an important boundary condition, was also obtained from the extreme value distribution from the study by Das & Lindenschmidt (2021). This study used stochastic processes to simulate freeze-up conditions along the study reach. From that study, a cumulative distribution was developed to select the total volume of ice that could contribute to an ice-jam for a particular toe location. Based on a toe location, random values of the ice volumes were selected using a gamma distribution (Figure 5). A range of the parameters and boundary conditions values are given in Table 1.
Close modal
Table 1
Description of RIVICE parameters and boundary conditions
| Inputs | Description | Units | Range (maximum–minimum) |
|---|---|---|---|
| Boundary conditions | |||
| Q | Upstream river discharge | m3/s | MESH output |
| QL | Lateral flow | m3/s | MESH output |
| Vice | Inflowing volume of ice | m3 | Calibration |
| x | Toe of the ice-jam location | km | 50–75 |
| Parameters | |||
| PC | Porosity of ice cover | none | 0.4–0.6 |
| FT | Thickness of ice cover | m | 0.5–0.7 |
| PS | Porosity of slush pans | none | 0.4–0.6 |
| ST | Thickness of slush pans | m | 0.4–0.6 |
| vdep | Ice deposition velocity | m/s | 1.1–1.3 |
| ver | Ice erosion velocity | m/s | 1.7–1.9 |
| nbed | Riverbed roughness | s/m1/3 | 0.028–0.03 |
| n8m | Ice roughness | s/m1/3 | 0.11–0.115 |
| K1 | Longitudinal-to-lateral force ratio | none | 0.14–0.26 |
| KITAN | Longitudinal-to-vertical force ratio | none | 7.3–7.7 |
| H | Thickness of ice downstream of jam | m | 0.48–0.68 |
| Inputs | Description | Units | Range (maximum–minimum) |
|---|---|---|---|
| Boundary conditions | |||
| Q | Upstream river discharge | m3/s | MESH output |
| QL | Lateral flow | m3/s | MESH output |
| Vice | Inflowing volume of ice | m3 | Calibration |
| x | Toe of the ice-jam location | km | 50–75 |
| Parameters | |||
| PC | Porosity of ice cover | none | 0.4–0.6 |
| FT | Thickness of ice cover | m | 0.5–0.7 |
| PS | Porosity of slush pans | none | 0.4–0.6 |
| ST | Thickness of slush pans | m | 0.4–0.6 |
| vdep | Ice deposition velocity | m/s | 1.1–1.3 |
| ver | Ice erosion velocity | m/s | 1.7–1.9 |
| nbed | Riverbed roughness | s/m1/3 | 0.028–0.03 |
| n8m | Ice roughness | s/m1/3 | 0.11–0.115 |
| K1 | Longitudinal-to-lateral force ratio | none | 0.14–0.26 |
| KITAN | Longitudinal-to-vertical force ratio | none | 7.3–7.7 |
| H | Thickness of ice downstream of jam | m | 0.48–0.68 |
Figure 5
Cumulative ice volume distribution during freeze-up along the Saint John River from Fort Kent to Grand Falls.
Figure 5
Cumulative ice volume distribution during freeze-up along the Saint John River from Fort Kent to Grand Falls.