IWA Publishing

Skip to Main Content

Table 5

Degradation kinetics of cyanide reported in the literature

Substrates	Influent CN⁻ concentration	Condition	Reactor configuration	CN⁻ degradation		Kinetics of degradation	Rate constant (k)	References
Substrates	Influent CN⁻ concentration	Condition	Reactor configuration	Biological	Chemical	Kinetics of degradation	Rate constant (k)	References
Ferro cyanide solution	100 mg/L	Aerobic	Packed bed column (operated under different flow rates)	Pseudomonas fluorescens		First-order	1.43 × 10³–2.56 × 10³ (L/(g dried cell·h⁻¹))	Dursun & Aksu (2000)
Synthetic waste-water	3.85–2.5 mM	Aerobic	Semi-batch		Alkali hydrolysis at high T and P	First-order	6.63 × 10³ (s⁻¹)	Oulego et al. (2012)
Synthetic cyanide-containing wastewater	NR	Aerobic	Batch		Photocatalytic			Ibrahim et al. (2003)
					- Using TiO₂-SiO₂ aero gel	First-order	0.045 min⁻¹
					- Using V₂O₅-SiO₂ and ozone	First-order	0.0075 min⁻¹
Sodium cyanide solution	0.5 g/L	Aerobic	Batch		Oxidative using activated carbon as the catalyst	First-order	0.0512 h⁻¹	Adams (1990)
Cassava starch wastewater	5–14 mg/L	Anaerobic	Continuous	Mixed culture anaerobic sludge		Second-order	0.6 d⁻¹	Zaher et al. (2006)
Cassava pulp and pig manure	1.5–10 mg/L	Anaerobic	Batch	Mixed culture anaerobic sludge		First-order	0.0939 d⁻¹	This study

Substrates	Influent CN⁻ concentration	Condition	Reactor configuration	CN⁻ degradation		Kinetics of degradation	Rate constant (k)	References
Substrates	Influent CN⁻ concentration	Condition	Reactor configuration	Biological	Chemical	Kinetics of degradation	Rate constant (k)	References
Ferro cyanide solution	100 mg/L	Aerobic	Packed bed column (operated under different flow rates)	Pseudomonas fluorescens		First-order	1.43 × 10³–2.56 × 10³ (L/(g dried cell·h⁻¹))	Dursun & Aksu (2000)
Synthetic waste-water	3.85–2.5 mM	Aerobic	Semi-batch		Alkali hydrolysis at high T and P	First-order	6.63 × 10³ (s⁻¹)	Oulego et al. (2012)
Synthetic cyanide-containing wastewater	NR	Aerobic	Batch		Photocatalytic			Ibrahim et al. (2003)
					- Using TiO₂-SiO₂ aero gel	First-order	0.045 min⁻¹
					- Using V₂O₅-SiO₂ and ozone	First-order	0.0075 min⁻¹
Sodium cyanide solution	0.5 g/L	Aerobic	Batch		Oxidative using activated carbon as the catalyst	First-order	0.0512 h⁻¹	Adams (1990)
Cassava starch wastewater	5–14 mg/L	Anaerobic	Continuous	Mixed culture anaerobic sludge		Second-order	0.6 d⁻¹	Zaher et al. (2006)
Cassava pulp and pig manure	1.5–10 mg/L	Anaerobic	Batch	Mixed culture anaerobic sludge		First-order	0.0939 d⁻¹	This study

NR, not reported.