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Table 1

Summary of experimental results with alum and PACl

ParameterRaw greywater
Coagulated greywater
with alum
with PACl
RangeMean ± SDRangeMean ± SDAverage removal (%)RangeMean ± SDAverage removal (%)
pH 6.54–9.30 7.68 ± 0.26 6.46–7.54 6.90 ± 0.21 – 6.4–7.34 6.88 ± 0.20 – 
Turbidity (NTU) 19–287 83 ± 50 2–12 6 ± 2 91.4 1–10 4 ± 2 93.4 
EC (μS/cm) 420–1296 769 ± 165 456–1697 865 ± 206 −11.9 450–1369 819 ± 174 −6.9 
Temperature (°C) 22.6–30.4 26.5 ± 2.2 22.9–29.1 25.4 ± 2 – 23.0–29.7 25.9 ± 2.0 – 
Akalinity (mg/L) 128–332 214 ± 34 64–188 138 ± 20 35.0 64–190 133 ± 24 35.6 
COD (mg/L) 66–354 134 ± 71 3–157 45 ± 34 73.2 3–152 42 ± 32 74.2 
TS (mg/L) 320–1050 575 ± 144 272–783 474 ± 98 16.3 271–800 474 ± 114 17.4 
TDS (mg/L) 230–726 415 ± 97 252–784 452 ± 98 −8.40 240–742 438 ± 102 −5.8 
TSS (mg/L) 60–580 160 ± 85 4–70 32 ± 16 82.6 4–290 27 ± 43 88.6 
Coagulant dose (mg/L) 70–400 199 ± 66 – 70–240 142 ± 42 – 
ParameterRaw greywater
Coagulated greywater
with alum
with PACl
RangeMean ± SDRangeMean ± SDAverage removal (%)RangeMean ± SDAverage removal (%)
pH 6.54–9.30 7.68 ± 0.26 6.46–7.54 6.90 ± 0.21 – 6.4–7.34 6.88 ± 0.20 – 
Turbidity (NTU) 19–287 83 ± 50 2–12 6 ± 2 91.4 1–10 4 ± 2 93.4 
EC (μS/cm) 420–1296 769 ± 165 456–1697 865 ± 206 −11.9 450–1369 819 ± 174 −6.9 
Temperature (°C) 22.6–30.4 26.5 ± 2.2 22.9–29.1 25.4 ± 2 – 23.0–29.7 25.9 ± 2.0 – 
Akalinity (mg/L) 128–332 214 ± 34 64–188 138 ± 20 35.0 64–190 133 ± 24 35.6 
COD (mg/L) 66–354 134 ± 71 3–157 45 ± 34 73.2 3–152 42 ± 32 74.2 
TS (mg/L) 320–1050 575 ± 144 272–783 474 ± 98 16.3 271–800 474 ± 114 17.4 
TDS (mg/L) 230–726 415 ± 97 252–784 452 ± 98 −8.40 240–742 438 ± 102 −5.8 
TSS (mg/L) 60–580 160 ± 85 4–70 32 ± 16 82.6 4–290 27 ± 43 88.6 
Coagulant dose (mg/L) 70–400 199 ± 66 – 70–240 142 ± 42 – 
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