On-site sanitation systems such as cesspools and septic tanks are widely used in most developing countries. These systems primarily aim to collect and treat toilet wastewater or blackwater. Although septic tanks are commonly used in non-sewered areas, their effluents are still rich in pathogens and other pollutants. The practice of direct discharge of septic tank effluents into the surrounding environment in the absence of proper treatment has increased health risks. In order to reduce this problem, a post-treatment unit consisting of nano-silver coated granular activated carbon (NS-GAC) has been developed. The study results revealed that the inactivation efficiency of the NS-GAC unit increased with increasing hydraulic retention times (HRT) from 10, 20 and 30 minutes; however, for economy of scale, the NS-GAC unit could be operated at the 10 minutes HRT to achieve complete removal of Escherichia coli bacteria. The study showed a high feasibility of utilizing the NS-GAC media as a post-treatment unit for pathogen inactivation of septic tank effluent.
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Research Article|
August 20 2015
Application of nano-silver coated granular activated carbon for inactivation of septic tank effluent
Thammarat Koottatep;
Thammarat Koottatep
1Environmental Engineering and Management, Asian Institute of Technology (AIT), P.O. Box 4 Klong Luang, Pathumthani 12120, Thailand
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Saroj Kumar Chapagain;
1Environmental Engineering and Management, Asian Institute of Technology (AIT), P.O. Box 4 Klong Luang, Pathumthani 12120, Thailand
E-mail: [email protected]
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Jaruwat Watanatanachart;
Jaruwat Watanatanachart
1Environmental Engineering and Management, Asian Institute of Technology (AIT), P.O. Box 4 Klong Luang, Pathumthani 12120, Thailand
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Chongrak Polprasert
Chongrak Polprasert
2Faculty of Engineering, Thammasat University, Pathumthani 12120, Thailand
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Journal of Water, Sanitation and Hygiene for Development (2015) 5 (4): 632–637.
Article history
Received:
February 13 2015
Accepted:
July 05 2015
Citation
Thammarat Koottatep, Saroj Kumar Chapagain, Jaruwat Watanatanachart, Chongrak Polprasert; Application of nano-silver coated granular activated carbon for inactivation of septic tank effluent. Journal of Water, Sanitation and Hygiene for Development 1 December 2015; 5 (4): 632–637. doi: https://doi.org/10.2166/washdev.2015.022
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