Evaluation of Community and Household Based Sanitation Systems in Ethekwini Municipality, South Africa: Lessons Learned and Recommendations

This paper reports about a study comparing the performance of different sanitation systems delivered by Ethekwini Municipality in South Africa. The following sanitation systems have been studied: pit latrines, VIPs, urine diversion toilet, community ablution block and the conventional sewer borne flush toilet. The evaluation has been based on a 2-step approach. A rapid assessment capturing the overall situation whether the case study is performing successfully or not, followed by a more detailed evaluation focusing on those aspects where the rapid assessment could not provide sufficient results. The paper results in several lessons learned and recommendations and shows how Ethekwini has incorporated them.