The city of Almere (The Netherlands) has a current population of 190.000 residents. Because of its attractive location (close to Amsterdam and Utrecht) Almere was designated by the national government to expand its population with 160.000 residents (60.000 houses) between 2010 and 2030, becoming one of the fastest growing European urban areas. Almere has formulated the “Almere Principles” containing ambitious goals to achieve this future development, aspiring to become a landmark in sustainable urban development. The “Almere Principles” are based on the Cradle to Cradle® philosophy in which improvement of public health and environment is emphasized, rather than limiting negative impacts of the future expansion of Almere. Thus, a distinction is made between the conventional interpretation of sustainability, focusing on eco-efficiency and the Cradle to Cradle® approach, focusing on eco-effectiveness. These principles are used by relevant stakeholders to formulate a vision of the future sanitation system. Following, design criteria based on sustainability pillars People, Planet and Profit are formulated, thus translating the vision into tangible scenarios, which are then mutually compared. In this paper the methodology and preliminary outcomes of the development of the sustainable sanitation system for Almere are presented.
Skip Nav Destination
Article navigation
Research Article|
June 01 2011
Towards eco-effective sustainable sanitation for the city of Almere
S. M. Kerstens;
*DHV B.V. Laan 1914 no 35, 3818 EX Amersfoort, The Netherlands
E-mail: [email protected]
Search for other works by this author on:
R. De Ridder;
R. De Ridder
**Waterboard Zuiderzeeland Lindelaan 20, 8224 KT Lelystad, The Netherlands
Search for other works by this author on:
A. Hof;
A. Hof
***Municipality Almere, Stadhuisplein 1, 1315 HR, Almere, The Netherlands
Search for other works by this author on:
J. Alberts;
J. Alberts
*DHV B.V. Laan 1914 no 35, 3818 EX Amersfoort, The Netherlands
Search for other works by this author on:
D. Mulhall;
D. Mulhall
****Cradle to Cradle Academic Chair, Dutch Research Institute for Transitions, Faculty of Social Sciences, Erasmus University Rotterdam. PO BOX 1738, 3000 DR Rotterdam, The Netherlands
Search for other works by this author on:
D. Dale
D. Dale
*****William McDonough+Partners, 700 East Jefferson Street Charlottesville, VA 22902, USA
Search for other works by this author on:
Water Practice and Technology (2011) 6 (2): wpt2011020.
Citation
S. M. Kerstens, R. De Ridder, A. Hof, J. Alberts, D. Mulhall, D. Dale; Towards eco-effective sustainable sanitation for the city of Almere. Water Practice and Technology 1 June 2011; 6 (2): wpt2011020. doi: https://doi.org/10.2166/wpt.2011.020
Download citation file:
Sign in
Don't already have an account? Register
Client Account
You could not be signed in. Please check your email address / username and password and try again.
Could not validate captcha. Please try again.
eBook
Pay-Per-View Access
$38.00