Critical pressure-deficient operating conditions frequently occur in water distribution networks. Head driven analysis (HDA) of water distribution networks allows for the pressure-dependent nature of nodal flows and, therefore, yields the actual nodal flows and heads for both normal and subnormal pressure conditions. Hence, HDA simulation models are more practical than demand driven analysis models that assume that all demands are satisfied in full even under pressure-deficient conditions. This paper describes an approach in which a new pressure-dependent demand function that has no discontinuities has been incorporated in the Gradient Method. The procedure has been tested extensively and demonstrated to be capable of effectively simulating both normal and pressure-deficient operating conditions. The algorithm's convergence is smooth and rapid thanks to a line search and backtracking procedure that ensures progress towards the solution in each iteration. The results presented herein would appear to confirm that the proposed method is robust and efficient. Results for a real network are also included.
Skip Nav Destination
Close
Close
Article navigation
Research Article|
September 01 2011
Practical application of the head dependent gradient method for water distribution networks
Calvin Siew;
Calvin Siew
1Department of Civil Engineering, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow, John Anderson Building, 107 Rottenrow, Glasgow G4 0NG, UK
Search for other works by this author on:
Tiku T. Tanyimboh
1Department of Civil Engineering, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow, John Anderson Building, 107 Rottenrow, Glasgow G4 0NG, UK
E-mail: tiku.tanyimboh@strath.ac.uk
Search for other works by this author on:
Water Supply (2011) 11 (4): 444–450.
Article history
Received:
July 26 2010
Accepted:
September 24 2010
Citation
Calvin Siew, Tiku T. Tanyimboh; Practical application of the head dependent gradient method for water distribution networks. Water Supply 1 September 2011; 11 (4): 444–450. doi: https://doi.org/10.2166/ws.2011.065
Download citation file:
Close
Citation
Calvin Siew, Tiku T. Tanyimboh; Practical application of the head dependent gradient method for water distribution networks. Water Supply 1 September 2011; 11 (4): 444–450. doi: https://doi.org/10.2166/ws.2011.065
Download citation file:
Close
Sign in
Don't already have an account? Register
Client Account
You could not be signed in. Please check your email address / username and password and try again.
Impact Factor 0.900
CiteScore 1.5