This constitutes the first study to compare the use of high-intensity pulsed UV light (PUV) irradiation for the novel destruction of harmful protozoan (Cryptosporidium parvum Iowa isolate) oocysts and bacterial (Clostridium perfringens ATCC 13124 and Bacillus cereus ATCC 11178) endospores in artificially-spiked water where these organisms are resistant to conventional chlorination. Experimental results revealed that all three test organisms in their dormant recalcitrant state required extended levels of pulsing to achieve significant reductions in numbers compared to other similarly PUV-treated Escherichia coli ATCC 25922 that is a non-spore forming indicator of faecal pollution in water. 120 pulses at 900 V or 16.2 J per pulse (equivalent to a UV dose of 8.39 μJ cm−2) were required to achieve ca. 2 log C. perfringens spore numbers, whereas a similar level of PUV irradiation reduced both C. parvum oocysts and B. cereus endospores by ca. 5 log orders. A comparative ca. 5 log reduction of E. coli cell numbers was achieved after only 25 pulses at 900 V (equivalent to a UV dose of 1.74 μJ cm−2). A clear trend emerged where the order of resistance to PUV-irradiation observed was C. perfringens endospores > C. parvum oocysts, B. cereus endospores > E. coli cells. This study suggests disinfection kinetic data for the more resistant C. perfringens endospores can be used as a measure of estimating disinfection efficacy of PUV treatments for C. parvum oocysts in water, avoiding the need to use complex animal or cell culture infectivity models that are only available in specialised laboratories with highly trained technicians. This study will inform future studies exploring scale-up of PUV at waste-water treatment plants.
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Research Article|
July 01 2012
Inactivation of recalcitrant protozoan oocysts and bacterial endospores in drinking water using high-intensity pulsed UV light irradiation Available to Purchase
J. C. Hayes;
1Department of Nursing and Health Science, Athlone Institute of Technology, Co. Westmeath, Ireland
E-mail: [email protected]
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M. Garvey;
M. Garvey
1Department of Nursing and Health Science, Athlone Institute of Technology, Co. Westmeath, Ireland
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A. M. Fogarty;
A. M. Fogarty
2Department of Life and Physical Sciences, Athlone Institute of Technology, Co. Westmeath, Ireland
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E. Clifford;
E. Clifford
3Department of Civil Engineering, National University of Ireland Galway, Ireland
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N. J. Rowan
N. J. Rowan
1Department of Nursing and Health Science, Athlone Institute of Technology, Co. Westmeath, Ireland
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Water Supply (2012) 12 (4): 513–522.
Article history
Received:
December 09 2011
Accepted:
March 02 2012
Citation
J. C. Hayes, M. Garvey, A. M. Fogarty, E. Clifford, N. J. Rowan; Inactivation of recalcitrant protozoan oocysts and bacterial endospores in drinking water using high-intensity pulsed UV light irradiation. Water Supply 1 July 2012; 12 (4): 513–522. doi: https://doi.org/10.2166/ws.2012.017
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