Contingent valuation by the community of indirect benefits of using recycled water: an Australian case study

Contingent valuation (CV) was used to survey an Australian community who will soon be using recycled water for non-potable purposes. Willingness to pay (WTP) for four indirect, non-market utilities of recycled water were investigated: a decreased amount of sewage going into the ocean; exemption form water restrictions; a continuously green appearance of public open space; and wetlands located in close proximity to dwellings. WTP trends were found across demographic variables (gender, age, income and education), with some significant differences between groups. Strong concern for the environment was found to influence WTP. An improved methodology for further research is suggested.