Water quality parameters such as ATP, total direct cell counts, AOC, biofilm formation rate and destructive membrane studies are not suitable for biofouling monitoring and prediction. Therefore, a monitor named membrane fouling simulator was developed. In a comparison study, the same feed channel pressure drop development in time and the same fouling accumulation was observed in spiral wound membrane elements and membrane fouling simulators. Chemical dosing to the membrane fouling simulator feed water showed that a biofouling inhibitor was not inhibiting biofouling, but was even contributing to biofouling. It is shown that other chemicals such as acid and antiscalants may contribute to biofouling as well. It was found that the feed spacer presence strongly influences the feed spacer channel pressure drop increase caused by biofilm accumulation: in nanofiltration and reverse osmosis systems biofouling is a feed spacer problem. A new set of monitors for membrane fouling studies and methods for biofouling monitoring are described. A state of the art on global membrane fouling simulator use is given.
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Research Article|
October 01 2008
Monitoring and control of biofouling in nanofiltration and reverse osmosis membranes Available to Purchase
J. S. Vrouwenvelder;
1Wetsus, Centre of Excellence for Sustainable Water Technology, Agora 1, P.O. Box 1113, 8900 CC, Leeuwarden, The Netherlands E-mail: [email protected]
2Department of Biotechnology, Delft University of Technology, Julianalaan 67, 2628 BC, Delft, The Netherlands E-mail: [email protected]
E-mail: [email protected]
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C. Hinrichs;
C. Hinrichs
3Biofilm Centre, University of Duisburg-Essen, Geibelstrasse 41, D-47057, Duisburg, Germany
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A. R. Sun;
A. R. Sun
2Department of Biotechnology, Delft University of Technology, Julianalaan 67, 2628 BC, Delft, The Netherlands E-mail: [email protected]
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F. Royer;
F. Royer
4Ecole Nationale de Supérieure de Chimie, Rennes, France
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J. A. M. van Paassen;
J. A. M. van Paassen
5Vitens, P.O. Box 23, 6880 BC, Velp, Rheden, The Netherlands
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S. M. Bakker;
S. M. Bakker
5Vitens, P.O. Box 23, 6880 BC, Velp, Rheden, The Netherlands
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W. G. J. van der Meer;
W. G. J. van der Meer
5Vitens, P.O. Box 23, 6880 BC, Velp, Rheden, The Netherlands
6Membrane Process Technology group, University of Twente, Postbus 217, 7500 AE, Enschede, The Netherlands
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J. C. Kruithof;
J. C. Kruithof
1Wetsus, Centre of Excellence for Sustainable Water Technology, Agora 1, P.O. Box 1113, 8900 CC, Leeuwarden, The Netherlands E-mail: [email protected]
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M. C. M. van Loosdrecht
M. C. M. van Loosdrecht
2Department of Biotechnology, Delft University of Technology, Julianalaan 67, 2628 BC, Delft, The Netherlands E-mail: [email protected]
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Water Supply (2008) 8 (4): 449–458.
Citation
J. S. Vrouwenvelder, C. Hinrichs, A. R. Sun, F. Royer, J. A. M. van Paassen, S. M. Bakker, W. G. J. van der Meer, J. C. Kruithof, M. C. M. van Loosdrecht; Monitoring and control of biofouling in nanofiltration and reverse osmosis membranes. Water Supply 1 October 2008; 8 (4): 449–458. doi: https://doi.org/10.2166/ws.2008.091
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