A variety of biofilm support media for rotating biological contactors, both aerobic and anaerobic. are reviewed in the light of experience gained from laboratory. pilot-scale and full-scale operations. Currently there is no clear economically superior replacement for conventional HDPE moulded discs for aerobic treatment plants. As little anaerobic full-scale operational work has been carried out it has been speculated that random-packed media and twin-walled polycarbonate sheets could provide a substitute support material in anaerobic treatment units.

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