The river Rhine has undergone changes in morphology, chemistry, and ecology. They represent the results of historical management of the river.

An overview of the river management from 1815 on is given together with an analysis of the present situation and the changes necessary to meet the final objectives of the Rhine and North Sea Action Programmes.

The complexity and level of the present problems make it necessary that an integrated problem approach and a multinational decision making is used for an adequate future management of the river basin.

Rhine, international river management, morphology, chemistry, ecology, North Sea, action programmes, integrated, spills
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© IWA Publishing 1991
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