Due to rapid industrialization and the concentration of the population shifting towards large cities starting from the 1950s, Japan experienced severe water pollution problems throughout the country. In order to cope with these problems, the legal system has been refined and various measures to control water pollution have been taken. This paper summarizes the current institutional structure, legal system, as well as plans and programs, for water pollution control and river basin management in Japan.

Water pollution control, river basin management, water quality standards, effluent standards, stream standards
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© IWA Publishing 1991
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