There is a great difficulty in virus enumeration in sewage sludge because viruses in sludge are firmly captured by sludge solids. In order to determine the precise number of viruses in sludge, an enhanced virus recovery method with a combination of an enzyme and a cation exchange resin (CER) was developed. Test viruses were seeded to a sample sludge obtained from a municipal wastewater treatment plant, and the sludge were incubated with various eluents. The quantity of eluted viruses in the liquid phase was then measured by the plaque assay technique. Using the eluent containing only water, CER, and CER with enzyme exhibited 0%, 19% and 39% of virus recovery, respectively. While the conventional USEPA method exhibited a virus recovery of 21%. Furthermore, viruses eluted by the eluent containing the CER and the lysozyme included not only surface-attached viruses but also solids-embedded viruses.
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Research Article|
January 01 2001
Enhanced virus recovery from municipal sewage sludge with a combination of enzyme and cation exchange resin Available to Purchase
D. Sano;
D. Sano
1Department of Civil Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Tohoku University, Aoba-yama 06, Sendai 980-8579, Japan
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K. Fukushi;
K. Fukushi
1Department of Civil Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Tohoku University, Aoba-yama 06, Sendai 980-8579, Japan
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K. Yano;
K. Yano
2Metropolitan Research Laboratory of Public Health, 3-24-1, Hyakunin-cho, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 169-0073, Japan
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Y. Yoshida;
Y. Yoshida
2Metropolitan Research Laboratory of Public Health, 3-24-1, Hyakunin-cho, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 169-0073, Japan
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T. Omura
T. Omura
1Department of Civil Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Tohoku University, Aoba-yama 06, Sendai 980-8579, Japan
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Water Sci Technol (2001) 43 (2): 75–82.
Citation
D. Sano, K. Fukushi, K. Yano, Y. Yoshida, T. Omura; Enhanced virus recovery from municipal sewage sludge with a combination of enzyme and cation exchange resin. Water Sci Technol 1 January 2001; 43 (2): 75–82. doi: https://doi.org/10.2166/wst.2001.0075
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