Selectors were operated at four full-scale activated sludge plants to control bulking and foaming problems due to filamentous microorganisms. Selector effectiveness was not related to soluble COD levels in selector effluent. Significant reductions in the numbers of filamentous m icroorganisms were reported.

Activated sludge plant, bulking, filamentous microorganisms, foaming, selector, nitrification–denitrification
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