The removal of cyanobacteria, hepatotoxins produced by them (microcystins), phytoplankton, heterotrophic bacteria and endotoxins were monitored at a surface water treatment plant with coagulation, clarification, sand filtration, ozonation, slow sand filtration and chlorination as the treatment process. Coagulation–sand filtration reduced microcystins by 1.2–2.4, and endotoxins by 0.72–2.0 log10 units. Ozonation effectively removed the residual microcystins. The treatment process reduced phytoplankton biomass by 2.2–4.6 and heterotrophic bacteria by 2.0–5.0 log10 units. In treated water, the concentration of microcystins never exceeded the WHO guide value (1 μg/L), but picoplankton and monad cells were often detected in high numbers. The heterotrophic bacterial isolates from the treated waters belonged to genera Sphingomonas, Pseudomonas, Bacillus, Herbaspirillum and Bosea.
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Research Article|
August 01 2006
Removal of cyanobacteria, cyanotoxins, heterotrophic bacteria and endotoxins at an operating surface water treatment plant Available to Purchase
J. Rapala;
*Finnish Environment Institute, PO Box 140, FIN-00251 Helsinki, Finland
**National Product Control Agency for Welfare & Health, PO Box 210, FIN-00531 Helsinki, Finland
E-mail: [email protected]
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M. Niemelä;
M. Niemelä
*Finnish Environment Institute, PO Box 140, FIN-00251 Helsinki, Finland
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K.A. Berg;
K.A. Berg
*Finnish Environment Institute, PO Box 140, FIN-00251 Helsinki, Finland
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L. Lepistö;
L. Lepistö
*Finnish Environment Institute, PO Box 140, FIN-00251 Helsinki, Finland
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K. Lahti
K. Lahti
*Finnish Environment Institute, PO Box 140, FIN-00251 Helsinki, Finland
***Water Protection Association of the River Vantaa & Helsinki Region, Asemapäällikönkatu 12C, FIN-00520 Helsinki, Finland
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Water Sci Technol (2006) 54 (3): 23–28.
Citation
J. Rapala, M. Niemelä, K.A. Berg, L. Lepistö, K. Lahti; Removal of cyanobacteria, cyanotoxins, heterotrophic bacteria and endotoxins at an operating surface water treatment plant. Water Sci Technol 1 August 2006; 54 (3): 23–28. doi: https://doi.org/10.2166/wst.2006.443
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