The application of membrane bioreactors (MBR) for wastewater treatment is growing worldwide due to their compactness and high effluent quality. However, membrane fouling, mostly associated to biological products, can reduce MBR performance. Therefore, it is important to monitor MBRs as close to real-time as possible to accelerate control actions for maximal biological and membrane performance. 2D-fluorescence spectroscopy is a promising on-line tool to simultaneously monitor wastewater treatment efficiency and the formation of potential biological fouling agents. In this study, 2D-fluorescence data obtained from the wastewater and the permeate of a MBR was successfully modelled using projection to latent structures (PLS) to monitor variations in the influent and effluent total chemical oxygen demand (COD). Analysis of the results also indicated that humic acids and proteins highly contributed to the measured COD in both streams. Nevertheless, this approach was not valid for other performance parameters of the MBR system (such as influent and effluent ammonia and phosphorus), which is usually characterised through a high number of analytical and operating parameters. Principal component analysis (PCA) was thus used to find possible correlations between these parameters, in an attempt to reduce the analytical effort required for full MBR characterisation and to reduce the time frame necessary to obtain monitoring results. The 3 first principal components, capturing 57% of the variance, indicated and confirmed expected relationships between the assessed parameters. However, this approach alone could not provide robust enough correlations to enable the elimination of parameters for process description (PCA loadings ≤ 0.5). Nevertheless, it is possible that the information captured by 2D-fluorescence spectroscopy could replace some of the analytical and operating parameters, since this technique was able to successfully describe influent and effluent total COD. It is thus proposed that combined modelling of 2D-fluorescence data and selected performance/operating parameters should be further explored for efficient MBR monitoring aiming at rapid process control.
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Research Article|
April 01 2011
Real-time monitoring of membrane bioreactors with 2D-fluorescence data and statistically based models Available to Purchase
C. F. Galinha;
1REQUIMTE/CQFB, Chemistry Dept. Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, 2829-516 Caparica, Portugal E-mail: [email protected]; [email protected]; [email protected]; [email protected]; [email protected]
E-mail: [email protected]
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G. Carvalho;
G. Carvalho
1REQUIMTE/CQFB, Chemistry Dept. Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, 2829-516 Caparica, Portugal E-mail: [email protected]; [email protected]; [email protected]; [email protected]; [email protected]
2Instituto de Biologia Experimental e Tecnológica (IBET), Av. República, Quinta do Marquês (EAN), 2784-505 Oeiras, Portugal E-mail: [email protected]
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C. A. M. Portugal;
C. A. M. Portugal
1REQUIMTE/CQFB, Chemistry Dept. Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, 2829-516 Caparica, Portugal E-mail: [email protected]; [email protected]; [email protected]; [email protected]; [email protected]
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G. Guglielmi;
G. Guglielmi
3Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Trento, Via Mesiano 77, 38050 Trento, Italy
4Current address. ETC Engineering s.r.l., Via Praga 7, 38121 Trento, Italy E-mail: [email protected]
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R. Oliveira;
R. Oliveira
1REQUIMTE/CQFB, Chemistry Dept. Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, 2829-516 Caparica, Portugal E-mail: [email protected]; [email protected]; [email protected]; [email protected]; [email protected]
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J. G. Crespo;
J. G. Crespo
1REQUIMTE/CQFB, Chemistry Dept. Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, 2829-516 Caparica, Portugal E-mail: [email protected]; [email protected]; [email protected]; [email protected]; [email protected]
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M. A. M. Reis
M. A. M. Reis
1REQUIMTE/CQFB, Chemistry Dept. Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, 2829-516 Caparica, Portugal E-mail: [email protected]; [email protected]; [email protected]; [email protected]; [email protected]
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Water Sci Technol (2011) 63 (7): 1381–1388.
Citation
C. F. Galinha, G. Carvalho, C. A. M. Portugal, G. Guglielmi, R. Oliveira, J. G. Crespo, M. A. M. Reis; Real-time monitoring of membrane bioreactors with 2D-fluorescence data and statistically based models. Water Sci Technol 1 April 2011; 63 (7): 1381–1388. doi: https://doi.org/10.2166/wst.2011.195
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