For over a century, anaerobic digestion has become a key technology in removing organic contents from waste streams, while at the same time enabling the recovery of energy and resources (Guo et al. 2017; Martins et al. 2018). In both industrial and scientific communities in this field, great efforts have been devoted to technical innovation, resulting in the development of many cutting-edge and emerging strategies for the management of waste streams, nutrients circulation, biogas production and removal of hazardous and persistent micro-pollutants, and insights into digestion microbiome (Arora et al. 2018; Gonzalez et al. 2018; Hassa et al. 2018). Therefore, the aim of this special issue is to bring together papers from multiple disciplines on the state-of-the-art emerging/innovative anaerobic processes and associated principles. This issue contains 11 selected research articles, covers research frontiers from the development, optimization and application...

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