https://doi.org/10.2166/wst.2023.203

The authors regret that there was an error in the calculations used to obtain NH4-N NO3-N and PO4-N concentrations and apologise for any inconvenience caused. Hence, the measured concentrations are respectively a factor 1.29, 4.43 and 3.07 higher than currently stated in the published paper. The following corrections have been made as below and amended in the paper online.

ABSTRACT

Correction: both floating species removed 100% of the phosphate while Lemna also removed 90–100% of the inorganic nitrogen, as opposed to a removal of 41–64% in submerged plant with algae treatments.

Nutrient removal, greenhouse gas emission and biomass production over time

Correction: concentrations were below 0.3 μmol/l after 8 days for Lemna, Azolla and the control treatment (Figure 1(c)).

Correction: However, after 2 weeks still a considerable amount of (average 2.3 μmol/l) was present.

Figure 3 | Correction: (Change in TDIN concentration (a), but no change in the other three graphs)

Nutrient removal efficiency

Correction: The plants significantly differed in N and P removal efficiency (P = 0.001 and P = 0.04, respectively). Lemna was most efficient in removing TDIN, on average removing 97.4 (90.2–99.8)%, even though it was not significantly different from the Callitriche treatment (P = 0.08). All treatments resulted in high TDIN removal (ranging from average 40.7% in Ceratophyllum treatment to 64.4% in Callitriche treatments) after two weeks (Figure 4(a)).

Figure 4 | Correction: (change in y-axis of N-removal (a), but no change in Figure 4(b))

Elemental plant-uptake

Table 1

Correction: (Changes in percentages of N efficiency)

N efficiency (mean % (min–max %))P efficiency (mean % (min–max %))
Azolla filiculoides 616.3 (140.61644.8) 155.8 (120.6184.8) 
Lemna minor 83.0 (47.1109.8) 142.3 (68.5304.1) 
Ceratophyllum demersum 130.3 (88.0200.7) 2.1 (−34.647.9**) 
Callitriche platycarpa7.3 (-14.337.1**) −23.3 (−78.115.3**) 
N efficiency (mean % (min–max %))P efficiency (mean % (min–max %))
Azolla filiculoides 616.3 (140.61644.8) 155.8 (120.6184.8) 
Lemna minor 83.0 (47.1109.8) 142.3 (68.5304.1) 
Ceratophyllum demersum 130.3 (88.0200.7) 2.1 (−34.647.9**) 
Callitriche platycarpa7.3 (-14.337.1**) −23.3 (−78.115.3**) 

*Including filamentous algae.

**Efficiency below 0 could be explained by unharvested free floating algae.

Effects of floating and submerged plants on nutrient removal and greenhouse gas emission

Correction: All treatments, including unvegetated controls, caused TDIN concentrations to decrease to on average ≈ 130 μmol/l.

N-fixation causes less efficient N-removal by Azolla

Correction: Whereas Lemna had up to 100% (and thus TDIN) removal after 2 weeks, Azolla hardly removed any of the produced .

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